Antimutagenic Prophylaxis of Occupational Risk Groups
Alexander K. Vaglenov1, Ekaterina G. Yaneva2, Stoyan
G. Laltchev3, Maria S. Nosko4, Vera P. Petkova5,
Sonya D. Pavlova5, Katia V. Doneva5, Maria I. Demirova5,
Dimitar A. Kehajov5.
1National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia;
2Institute of Experimental Morphology and Anthropology,
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia;
3Institute of Medical Genetics, Sofia;
4Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Sofia;
5Clinical Centre of Occupational Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Corresponding author:Assoc. Prof. Alexander Vaglenov, M. D.,
Ph. D.National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection
132 Kl. Ohridski Blvd.
1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
Fax: (02) 621059; Tel.: (02) 626037
CEJOEM 1997, 3:114-123
Key words: Antimutagenic prophylaxis, human micronucleus assay, polyvitamin-polymineral
preparations, immunostimulants
Abstract: A therapeutic-preventive antimutagenic treatment of various ocupational
risk groups permanently exposed to the action of mutagens and carcinogens
has been carried out. The polyvitamin-polymineral containing preparations
Centrum, Sentury-Vite and Triovit were used in workers from a natural leather
processing and production enterprise. Multi-Tabs was used for treatment
of smelters from a plant for the production of electric wires. A distinct
group from the leather processing factory was treated with the immunomodulating
agent Factor-R. The evaluation of the efficacy of the four-month polyvitamin-polymineral
prevention and of three-month prevention with Factor-R was performed by
means of the cytokinesis-micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes.
The mean frequency of the micronuclei for the Centrum treated group prior
to prevention amounted to 65.3±22.4‰, for the group with Sentury-Vite
to 59.3±24.4‰, and for the group with Triovit to 64.1±24.7‰.
After termination of prevention the frequencies drop to 35.3±8.7‰,
39.1±7.6‰, and 40.0±14.5‰, respectively. In the case of the
smelters the initial MN frequency constituted 46.5±17.7‰ and after
its termination it dropped to 33.4±10.4‰. The micronucleus frequency
in the leather processing workers amounted to 65.6±27.8‰ prior to
treatment with Factor-R while after it it dropped to 43.1±15.8‰.